Attached is a copy of a Form 4 required by the SEC
to be filed by executives of public companies when
buying and selling equity securities of their company.
The attached shows that Steve Jobs exercised
120,000 ESOs to buy Apple stock at $5.75 on
August 13, 2007 that he received 10 years before.
Did he forfeit any "time Premium" back to the
company by a premature exercise? No, there was
no remaining "time premium" when he exercised the
120,000 options. There was just one day before
expiration.
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Did he incur an early tax liability upon premature
exercise ? No, he waited to the last possible moment
to exercise thereby delaying his taxes as long as
possible.
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Did he give Apple an early tax deduction by exercising
years early? Of course not.
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Did he advance cash to buy the stock before he was
required? No.
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Did he hedge the risk of holding the ESOs over the
time to expiration?
Although during the time of Jobs departure from Apple,
he was not required to disclose hedging transactions,
there were no apparent sales of calls or purchase of
puts to hedge his options positions.
However, he did do three large tranactions that resulted
in lower risk to his holding speculative options.
He was granted 7.5 options in 2001 with a strike price
below the market, which by its nature reduces risk
that there would be in holding ESOs with a strike price
equal to the fair market value of the stock.
He also made an exchange of 27.5 million options on
pre split shares of Apple for 5 million shares of
restricted stock in 2003. This exchange was a risk
reducing trade because the ESOs were far out-of-
the-money. Effectively he sold out-of-the-money
"time premium" and simultaneously used the
proceeds to buy 5 million restricted shares. In hind
sight, he would have been a whole lot better off by
not making that exchange and perhaps a more
reasoned startegy would have been to exchange
just some of the options for restricted stock.
When those restricted shares vested in 2006, he
disposed of 44% of the shares to pay taxes rather
than borrowing the money for margin.
So, in fact, he did carry out three risk reducing trades
while getting maximum value of his ESOs.
His advisors seem to know their trade, my compliments.
Every holder of ESOs can and should follow the same
principles (although Jobs was accomodated by Apple
in the exchange of ESOs for restricted stock at a
reasonable exchange rate, most companies will not
afford this choice to their employees).
Every person holding ESOs can manage his ESOs
just as efficiently as Jobs did and perhaps moreso.
Hold the ESOs to expiration and hedge along the
way by writing listed calls is the best way to go.
Although because of certain tax advantages, buying
in the money puts could be just as attractive.
Jobs did a variation of that theme and Jobs is a
very smart guy.
Cheers:
John Olagues